Why are babies at high risk for meningitis?

Why are babies at high risk for meningitis?

Children at higher risk of meningitis Babies, especially those under two months of age (Because their immune systems are not well developed, the bacteria can get into the bloodstream more easily.)

What are the main causes of meningitis?

Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection.

• meningococcal bacteria – there are several different types, called A, B, C, W, X, Y and Z.
• pneumococcal bacteria.
• Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) bacteria.
• enteroviruses – viruses that usually only cause a mild stomach infection.
• the mumps virus.

What is the common cause of bacterial meningitis in sub Saharan region?

Three main bacterial species are responsible for causing meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) most likely to cause major epidemics of cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) [3].

Why is meningitis common in Africa?

Risk factors for meningococcal disease outbreaks in Africa are not fully understood. However, the following characteristics create favorable conditions for meningococcal disease epidemics: Dry and dusty conditions during the dry season between December to June. Immunological susceptibility of the population.

Is meningitis genetic or environmental?

Researchers have found “the strongest evidence so far” that genetic factors can increase the risk of a person developing meningitis.

How do babies catch meningitis?

Meningococcal meningitis is a serious bacterial infection. It affects the protective lining of the brain and the spinal cord or “meninges.” It’s usually spread via saliva or mucus. Kissing, living in close or communal spaces, or sharing cups and eating utensils are all ways to get the infection.

What are the symptoms of meningitis in babies?

Common signs & symptoms of meningitis and septicaemia in babies and toddlers.

• Fever, cold hands and feet.
• Refusing food and vomiting.
• Fretful, dislike being handled.
• Drowsy, floppy, unresponsive.
• Rapid breathing or grunting.
• Pale, blotchy skin. Spots/rash.
• Unusual cry, moaning.
• Tense, bulging fontanelle (soft spot)

What are the 3 types of meningitis?

There are a few different types of meningitis, including viral, bacterial, and fungal meningitis.

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under 5?

Many different types of bacteria can cause bacterial meningitis. In newborns, the most common causes are group B strep, E. coli, and less commonly, Listeria monocytogenes. In older kids, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) are often the causes.

Who is generally at highest risk for meningitis Why?

Infants, teens and young adults, and older adults have the highest rates of meningococcal disease in the United States.

What country does meningitis come from?

The first major one was reported in Nigeria and Ghana in 1905–1908. In early reports large number of people died of the disease. The first evidence that linked bacterial infection as a cause of meningitis was written by Austrian bacteriology Anton Vaykselbaum who described meningococcal bacteria in 1887.

What populations are most affected by meningitis?