What will change hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite?
What will change hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite?
When hydroxyapatite dissolves under cariogenic (acidic) conditions, if fluoride is present, then fluorapatite will form.
What is hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite?
HA and FA belong to a large group of calcium apatites with the formula Ca10(PO4)6X2. If X describes hydroxyl groups, the mineral is called HA (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, and, in the case of fluoride ions, FA Ca10(PO4)6F2.
What is the difference between hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite?
The key difference between fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite is that fluorapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with fluoride groups, whereas hydroxyapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with hydroxide groups. Both fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite are phosphate-containing minerals.
Is fluorapatite stronger than hydroxyapatite?
Is Fluorapatite Stronger than Hydroxyapatite? Fluorapatite is less soluble than hydroxyapatite. This means that in acidic conditions, fluorapatite is stronger and more resistant to demineralization.
How does formation of fluorapatite carried out?
Fluorapatite can be synthesized in a three step process. First, calcium phosphate is generated by combining calcium and phosphate salts at neutral pH. This material then reacts further with fluoride sources (often sodium monofluorophosphate or calcium fluoride (CaF2)) to give the mineral.
What is the chemical formula of fluorapatite?
Ca5(PO4)3F
Fluorapatite, Ca5(PO4)3F, which makes human teeth hard, is a phosphate mineral.
What is fluorapatite used for?
The presence of fluorapatite helps prevent tooth decay or dental caries. Fluoroapatite has a critical pH of 4.5, thus it makes tooth structure more resistant to additional caries attack.
How is fluorapatite formed?
Saliva exposure dissolves the xylitol and frees the calcium and phosphate ions. They then react with the fluoride in the varnish to form protective fluorapatite on the teeth (Fig. 6).
How does fluorapatite prevent tooth decay?
This is done through a complex chemical process that transforms some the hydroxyapatite in your enamel to fluorapatite, another common mineral that makes up your enamel. Fluorapatite is less soluble in acid, so higher levels can delay the onset of decay.
What is the chemical composition of fluorapatite?
Fluorapatite, Ca5(PO4)3F, which makes human teeth hard, is a phosphate mineral.
What causes hydroxyapatite?
Bone mineral Hydroxyapatite consists of predominantly calcium and phosphate in a hexagonal crystal system and has the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. The hydroxyl ion can be replaced by fluoride, chloride or carbonate.
What is fluorapatite mineral?
fluorapatite, common phosphate mineral, a calcium fluoride phosphate, Ca5(PO4)3F. It occurs as minute, often green, glassy crystals in many igneous rocks, and also in magnetite deposits, high-temperature hydrothermal veins, and metamorphic rocks; it also occurs as collophane in marine deposits.