What is sialadenitis?

What is sialadenitis?

A salivary gland infection is also called sialadenitis and is caused by bacteria or viruses. A salivary stone or other blockage of the salivary gland duct can contribute to an acute infection. Chronic inflammation of a salivary gland can cause it to stop functioning.

What viruses cause sialadenitis?

Viruses are much more common than bacteria as pathogens causing sialadenitis. Of viral causes, mumps is the most common, affecting either the parotid (more common) or the submandibular gland, yet other viral causes include coxsackie, parainfluenza, and HIV*.

What is the cause of Sialolithiasis?

Causes. Conditions such as dehydration which cause thickening, or decreased water content of the saliva can cause the calcium and phosphate in saliva to form a stone. The stones often form in the salivary ducts and can either totally obstruct the salivary duct, or partially occlude it.

How serious is sialadenitis?

Without proper treatment, sialadenitis can develop into a severe infection, especially in elderly or sick people. It is important to see a doctor right away if you have any of the symptoms.

What are the symptoms of sialadenitis?

Symptoms of sialadenitis include enlargement, tenderness, and redness of one or more salivary glands. These are the glands in the mouth, located near the ear (parotid), under the tongue (sublingual), and under the jaw bone (submaxillary), plus numerous small glands in the tongue, lips, cheeks and palate.

How is sialadenitis treated?

Treatment for sialadenitis includes good oral hygiene, increasing fluid intake, massaging over the affected gland, applying a warm compress, and using candies or foods which increase saliva (such as lemon drops). In some cases, if the cause is bacterial, antibiotics may be prescribed.

Is sialadenitis an emergency?

Submandibular sialadenitis and sialadenosis are common causes of submandibular swelling. Patients with acute sialadenitis usually present in outpatient primary care or dental care and sometimes in an emergency care setting.

Is sialadenitis cancerous?

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is a rare disease that is often clinically diagnosed as a malignant lesion. In the present case, the exacerbation period mimicked acute specific inflammation of the submandibular space, and urgent operative management was performed.

What is the treatment for sialolithiasis?

The classic treatment of sialolithiasis is antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, hoping for a spontaneous stone expression through the papilla. In cases of submandibular stones located close to Wharton papillae, a marsupialization (sialodochoplasty) is performed and the stone removed.

What is the best antibiotic for sialadenitis?

Treatment of Sialadenitis Initial treatment for sialadenitis is with antibiotics active against S. aureus (eg, dicloxacillin, 250 mg orally 4 times a day, a 1st-generation cephalosporin, or clindamycin), modified according to culture results.

How do you treat sialadenitis naturally?

massaging the affected gland. applying warm compresses to the affected gland. rinsing your mouth with warm salt water. sucking on sour lemons or sugar-free lemon candy to encourage saliva flow and reduce swelling.

How long does sialadenitis last?

Most salivary gland infections resolve or are cured with conservative treatment after one week. In rare cases of recurrent sialadenitis, surgery may be necessary to remove part or all of the gland.