What is HLA nomenclature?
What is HLA nomenclature?
What is the definition of HLA or Human Leukocyte Antigen? HLA refers to a gene complex that encodes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins in humans. In humans, MHC is named HLA for Human Leukocyte Antigens because these gene products were first described as proteins expressed on leukocytes.
What are the 2 sets of HLA called?
There are three general groups of HLA, they are HLA-A,HLA-B and HLA-DR. There are many different specific HLA proteins within each of these three groups. (For example, there are 59 different HLA-A proteins, 118 different HLA-B and 124 different HLA-DR!)
What is HLA typing AB or C?
HLA class I antigens (A, B, and C in humans) render each cell recognisable as “self,” whereas HLA class II antigens (DR, DP, and DQ in humans) stimulate the immune system. Both have been implicated in the rejection of transplanted organs. Three main processes are used to perform HLA typing.
How do you read HLA nomenclature?
Each HLA allele name has a unique number corresponding to up to four sets of digits separated by colons. The length of the allele designation is dependent on the sequence of the allele and that of its nearest relative….Nomenclature of HLA Alleles.
| Nomenclature | Indicates |
|---|---|
| HLA-DRB1*13:01 | a specific HLA allele |
How many HLA alleles are there?
HLA genes. A total of 3201 HLA allele sequences (2215 in class I and 986 in class II) were released by the IMmunoGeneTics HLA (IMGT/HLA) database release 2.22 in July 2008 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/). The IMGT/HLA Database is a specialist database for HLA sequences.
What is a 10 10 HLA match?
Matching for the HLA-A, -B,- C,- DRB1 and -DQB1 loci is referred to as a 10/10 match, when HLA-DPB1 is included it becomes a 12/12 match. Matching for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 loci is an 8/8 match. There is still no international standard for reporting DRB3/4/5 as well as DQA1 and DPA1 mismatches.
What are HLA subtypes?
HLA is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a gene family that occurs in many species. Genes in this complex are categorized into three basic groups: class I, class II, and class III. In humans, the HLA-B gene and two related genes, HLA-A and HLA-C, are the main genes in MHC class I.
How do you name alleles?
Allele designations begin with a letter and contain alphanumeric characters. Punctuation marks occur in certain cases where they convey meaning. Allele designations appear as superscripted short alphanumeric strings following the gene symbol of which they are an allele and serve as an acronym for the allele name.
What is HLA B typing high resolution?
A high-resolution typing result is defined as a set of alleles that encode the same protein sequence for the region of the HLA molecule called the antigen binding site and that exclude alleles that are not expressed as cell-surface proteins.
How an HLA allele is named?
Nomenclature of HLA Alleles Each HLA allele name has a unique number corresponding to up to four sets of digits separated by colons. The length of the allele designation is dependent on the sequence of the allele and that of its nearest relative.
How are alleles named?