What is a ZMC fracture?
What is a ZMC fracture?
The term ZMC fracture describes a spectrum of injuries that includes nondisplaced fractures, fractures displaced at an isolated buttress, and severely comminuted fractures with bone loss. Information about the degree and severity of the overall injury can be extrapolated from the location of the fractures.
What causes tripod fracture?
Cause. The cause is usually a direct blow to the malar eminence of the cheek during assault. The paired zygomas each have two attachments to the cranium, and two attachments to the maxilla, making up the orbital floors and lateral walls. These complexes are referred to as the zygomaticomaxillary complex.
What is a malar fracture?
(trī’pod frak’shŭr) A facial fracture involving the three supports of the malar prominence: the arch of the zygomatic bone, the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, and the zygomatic process of the maxillary bone.
What are the surgical approaches commonly used in treatment of ZMC fractures?
Common surgical approaches to the ZMC buttresses include sublabial, lateral orbit, lower eyelid, and scalp incisions. These incisions should be used in a hierarchical fashion starting with the sublabial incision.
When should a ZMC fracture be repaired?
The most common indication for surgery in ZMC fractures is displacement and rotation, and most displaced ZMC fractures should be treated surgically. If reduction is not performed properly, facial asymmetry will be prominent, as the result of lowering the malar prominent point [2].
What is Gillies approach?
Temporal (Gillies) approach – Skin incision The Gillies technique describes a temporal incision (2 cm in length), made 2.5 cm superior and anterior to the helix, within the hairline. A temporal incision is made. Care is taken to avoid the superficial temporal artery.
What nerves are frequently involved in ZMC fractures?
Paresthesia of the face is a common sequela of a ZMC fracture given its proximity to sensory nerves such as the infraorbital nerve, the zygomaticofacial nerve, and the zygomaticotemporal nerve (all branches of cranial nerve V2).
What is malar tripod?
Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, also known as tripod, tetrapod, quadripod, malar or trimalar fractures, are seen in the setting of traumatic injury to the face.
What is the malar tripod?
How do you fix a broken ZMC?
Why is Intra Oral surgical is the preferred choice for surgical correction of ZMC fractures?
The intraoral surgical approach offers several advantages compared to the extraoral approach including no visible skin scar, visualization of the fracture line at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress and the infraorbital nerve, closer and more precise application of force by the operator, placement of fixation plates at …
What is a Transantral approach?
A transantral approach allows access to the orbital floor via the maxillary sinus. This approach may be especially useful when repairing a floor fracture of the trap door variety. Achieve exposure of the incision site with upper labial retraction exposing the buccal-gingival sulcus.