How does carbon tetrachloride affect the body?
How does carbon tetrachloride affect the body?
It can also affect concentration, memory, vision, and muscle coordination. Higher levels can cause coma and death. ► Carbon Tetrachloride can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Why is carbon tetrachloride toxic?
Acute exposures to higher levels and chronic (long-term) inhalation or oral exposure to carbon tetrachloride produces liver and kidney damage in humans. Human data on the carcinogenic effects of carbon tetrachloride are limited.
What type of toxin is carbon tetrachloride?
Carbon Tetrachloride and Other Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. CCl4 is a classic example of a zone 3 hepatotoxin that causes necrosis leading to hepatic failure (seeTable 89.4). Injury is mediated by its metabolism to a toxic trichloromethyl radical catalyzed by CYP2E1.
Which part of body is primarily affected by CCl4 intoxication?
This special therapy was developed because only around 1% of the intoxicating CCl4 is responsible for the liver injury after conversion to toxic radicals via microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 whereas 99% of the solvent will leave the body unchanged by exhalation.
How does CCl4 damage the liver?
Briefly, CCl4 can induce liver damage through the formation of reactive free radicals that can bind covalently to cellular macromolecules forming nucleic acid, protein and lipid adducts; through the induction of hypomethylated ribosomal RNA, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis; and finally, CCl4 can affect …
What is carbon tetrachloride mean?
Definition of carbon tetrachloride : a colorless nonflammable toxic liquid CCl4 that has an odor resembling that of chloroform and is used as a solvent and a refrigerant.
Is CCl4 an enzyme inhibitor?
These results indicate that CCl4 exerts on inhibitory effect on the induction of P4501A isozymes and that it selectively inhibits P450IA2 activity.
Is CCl4 carcinogenic?
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has identified CCl4 as a potential occupational human carcinogen [NIOSH 2005]. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) considers CCl4 to be a suspected human carcinogen [ACGIH 2016].
What is the common name for carbon tetrachloride?
Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (such as tetrachloromethane, also recognised by the IUPAC, carbon tet in the cleaning industry, Halon-104 in firefighting, and Refrigerant-10 in HVACR) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CCl4.
What is the source of carbon tetrachloride?
Sources of environmental contamination include industrial facilities and hazardous waste sites. Household cleaning products containing bleach can produce volatile organic compounds, including chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
Where is carbon tetrachloride found?
Carbon tetrachloride, one of the first 10 chemicals, has many industrial manufacturing uses, but can also be found in commercial paints, adhesives, degreasers, and more. EPA has classified it as a likely carcinogen.