Where is chikungunya most common in the world?
Where is chikungunya most common in the world?
Endemic regions and outbreaks in the world Chikungunya fever is endemic in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Pacific Region and most probably in the (sub) tropical regions of the Americas. Chikungunya fever has caused numerous epidemics in Africa and Asia.
What is meant by chikungunya?
Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. It is caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). A CHIKV infection causes fever and severe joint pain. Other symptoms include muscle pain, joint swelling, headache, nausea, fatigue and rash.
Who spread chikungunya?
Chikungunya virus is primarily transmitted to people through the bite of an infected mosquito, mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. People are the primary host of chikungunya virus during epidemic periods. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on a person who already has the virus.
What countries are affected by chikungunya virus?
Since the previous update in week 18 2022, 62 826 new cases and seven new deaths have been reported. The five countries reporting most new cases are Brazil (43 684), India (18 519), Paraguay (278), Malaysia (85) and Guatemala (83). The only country reporting new deaths is Brazil (7).
What is the global prevalence of chikungunya virus infection?
As of 2017, about 1.8 million cases had been reported from 44 countries. In 2018, a literature review group published one of the largest seroprevalence studies (mostly based on IgG ELISA and/or multiplex assay) that included data from 2000-2018. Continents included in these studies included Africa (46%) and Asia (24%).
How did chikungunya start in India?
Previous outbreaks in India (1963 and 1973) were caused by the Asian genotypes, but the 2005 epidemic in the Indian Ocean islands and the 2006 epidemic in India have been attributed to the East African genotype. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bites of mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti and A.
How chikungunya is caused?
During the first week of illness, chikungunya virus can be found in the blood. The virus can be passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites. An infected mosquito can then spread the virus to other people.
What is the reaction of chikungunya?
CHIKV causes a self-limiting disease known as Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) that is characterized by high fever, rash, myalgia, polyarthralgia and headaches (Burt et al., 2017).
How did chikungunya start?
The chikungunya virus can be traced back to an outbreak in Africa, more specifically a border area. The Makonde Plateau between Mozambique and Tanzania appears to be the source of this mosquito-borne disease. Likely originating in the Eastern and Central areas of Africa, the virus was first discovered in 1952.
When did chikungunya start in India?
In India, the first wave of CHIKV outbreaks, from the Asian lineage of the virus, was reported from 1963 to 1973. Chikungunya virus and the global spread of a mosquito-borne disease.
What environmental factors influence the spread of chikungunya?
[7] The geographical and ecological factors of the state is such that the eastern high ranges have high humidity and rainfall[8] which will in turn support the breeding of mosquitoes.
How many cases of chikungunya virus per year?
For 2019, 15 countries reported 516 cases of chikungunya virus disease, of which 421 (82%) were confirmed. The number of cases was higher than in 2018, but comparable to 2016 and 2017. The EU/EEA notification rate was 0.1 cases per 100 000 population. The majority (n=412, 80%) of the cases were 25–64 years of age.