What are neprilysin inhibitors?

What are neprilysin inhibitors?

Neprilysin inhibitors are a new class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. They work by blocking the action of neprilysin thus preventing the breakdown of natriuretic peptides.

What does neprilysin do in the body?

Neprilysin (NEP) is an integral membrane-bound metallopeptidase with a wide spectrum of substrates and physiological functions. It plays an important role in proteolytic processes in the kidney, cardiovascular regulation, immune response, cell proliferation, foetal development etc.

Is neprilysin a vasodilator?

Neprilysin is a neutral endopeptidase and its inhibition increases bioavailability of natriuretic peptides, bradykinin, and substance P, resulting in natriuretic, vasodilatatory, and anti-proliferative effects.

Is neprilysin a diuretic?

This action of neprilysin is associated with increased natriuresis, diuresis, and systemic vasodilation, since these peptides have been shown to have potent diuretic, natriuretic, and vasodilating effects.

What is neprilysin in heart failure?

Neprilysin catalyzes the degradation of natriuretic peptides. Natriuretic peptides are produced in response to volume overload and cardiac dysfunction, and exert a beneficial response in HF.

What does neprilysin do to BNP?

Neprilysin inhibition generally led to a modest increase in BNP concentrations, but some assays registered no increase and others demonstrated a decrease. The largest magnitude of BNP increase appeared by the second follow-up visit and occurred in patients with higher baseline BNP concentrations.

Why is BNP high in heart failure?

BNP increases when cardiac myocytes are strained; therefore, BNP is an effective method for detecting heart failure with or without systolic dysfunction.

What is the function of BNP?

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) belongs to a family of protein hormones called natriuretic peptides. These natriuretic peptides have an important role in regulating the circulation. They act on blood vessels, causing them to dilate, or widen. They also work on the kidneys, causing them to excrete more salt and water.

What enzyme breaks down BNP?

Insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is depicted as a cytosolic enzyme but it has also been found in membrane preparations [64]. It initially cleaves ANP and BNP outside the ring.

How does inhibiting neprilysin help CHF?

Sacubitril is the first FDA-approved neprilysin inhibitor (NI). Neprilysin catalyzes the degradation of natriuretic peptides. Natriuretic peptides are produced in response to volume overload and cardiac dysfunction, and exert a beneficial response in HF.

Should you drink a lot of water if you have congestive heart failure?

Daily fluids. You may need to watch your liquid intake, even water. Drinking too much can lead to extra fluids building up in your body. People with heart failure may be advised to limit fluids to 2 liters each day or less, depending upon how much their condition is under control, Greenberg says.

What level of BNP indicates heart failure?

BNP levels go up when the heart cannot pump the way it should. A result greater than 100 pg/mL is abnormal. The higher the number, the more likely heart failure is present and the more severe it is.