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What is the main cause of a myocardial infarction?

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What is the main cause of a myocardial infarction?

Myocardial infarction (MI) usually results from an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand, which is most often caused by plaque rupture with thrombus formation in an epicardial coronary artery, resulting in an acute reduction of blood supply to a portion of the myocardium.

Is anterior infarct serious?

Anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common heart disease associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Advancement in diagnosis and treatment options have led to a favorable outcome.

What is a Type 2 troponin elevation?

Type 2 MI is defined as “myocardial infarction secondary to ischaemia due to either increased oxygen demand or decreased supply, e.g. coronary artery spasm, coronary embolism, anaemia, arrhythmias, hypertension or hypotension.”

What is a type 5 myocardial infarction?

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)–related MI is termed type 5 MI. Coronary procedure–related MI ≤48 hours after the index procedure is arbitrarily defined by an elevation of cTn values >5 times for type 4a MI and >10 times for type 5 MI of the 99th percentile URL in patients with normal baseline values.

What are 4 signs of myocardial infarction?

What are the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction?

  • pressure or tightness in the chest.
  • pain in the chest, back, jaw, and other areas of the upper body that lasts more than a few minutes or that goes away and comes back.
  • shortness of breath.
  • sweating.
  • nausea.
  • vomiting.
  • anxiety.
  • feeling like you’re going to faint.

What are the warning signs of a myocardial infarction?

Warning Signs of a Heart Attack

  • Chest discomfort. Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes – or it may go away and then return.
  • Discomfort in other areas of the upper body.
  • Shortness of breath.
  • Other signs.

What is the treatment for anterior infarct?

Immediate treatment for chest pain consists of: Morphine sulfate 2 to 4 mg I.V. in increments of 2 to 8 mg repeated at 5-to 15-minute intervals. Oxygen if oxygen saturation is less than 90% Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg sublingual every 5 minutes for three doses, after which the need for I.V.

What does anterior infarct mean on ECG?

An anterior wall myocardial infarction occurs when anterior myocardial tissue usually supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery suffers injury due to lack of blood supply.

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 myocardial infarction?

Type 1 MI is a primary coronary arterial event attributable to atherothrombotic plaque rupture or erosion. Type 2 MI occurs secondary to an acute imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand without atherothrombosis.

Is a Type 2 MI serious?

Type 2 MI is distinguished from myocardial injury without acute ischemia, for example, acute heart failure and myocarditis. Type 2 MI is associated with a poor outcome. Several studies have demonstrated higher mortality rates among patients with type 2 MI as compared with patients with type 1 MI.