What is a tethered protein in a membrane?
What is a tethered protein in a membrane?
Membrane tethering is traditionally considered to define the process associated with the delivery of transport vesicles or carriers laden with protein and lipid cargo to their correct membrane compartment [1-3].
What is the function of tethered proteins?
The golgins comprise a family of vesicle tethering proteins that act in a selective manner to tether transport vesicles at the Golgi apparatus. Tethering is followed by membrane fusion to complete the delivery of vesicle-bound cargo to the Golgi.
What is a tether in a cell?
In biochemistry, a tether is a molecule that carries one or two carbon intermediates from one active site to another. They are commonly used in lipid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, conversion of pyruvate into Acetyl CoA via PDH complex.
What are tethering factors?
Tethering factors are a diverse group of peripherally associated membrane proteins and protein complexes that bridge newly formed transport vesicles (as well as other types of intracellular transport carriers) with acceptor membranes to ensure correct docking and fusion.
What is vesicle docking?
Docking is the process during which the vesicle and pre-synaptic membrane line up in a fusion-ready state. Following docking, the membranes fuse to create a small opening which grows larger until the vesicle membrane collapses into the pre-synaptic membrane and exocytosis occurs.
What macromolecule are cell surface receptors made of?
protein molecules
Receptors are protein molecules inside the target cell or on its surface that receive a chemical signal. Chemical signals are released by signaling cells in the form of small, usually volatile or soluble molecules called ligands.
What are Golgins?
The golgins are a family of predominantly coiled-coil proteins that are localized to the Golgi apparatus. Golgins are present in all eukaryotes, suggesting an evolutionary conserved function.
What is tethering control in wind energy system?
The tethered wind turbine uses an aerodynamic, flow-concentrating shape and lighter-than-air construction utilizing a lifting gas and an electrically conductive tether fixed to ground to reap energy from the wind at low or high altitude.
What is the vesicle tethering?
Gene Ontology Term: vesicle tethering The initial, indirect interaction between a vesicle membrane and a membrane to which it is targeted for fusion. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes.
What is docking and priming?
In molecular terms, the docking process is viewed as a loose tethering of the vesicle to the plasma membrane by an unknown set of proteins, whereas the priming process is mediated by the formation of the trimeric SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) complex that supposedly …
Why are cell-surface receptors made of protein?
Cell surface receptors are transmembrane proteins embedded into the plasma membrane which play an essential role in maintaining communication between the internal processes within the cell and various types of extracellular signals.
What are the 4 types of cell-surface receptors?
Cell-surface receptors come in three main types: ion channel receptors, GPCRs, and enzyme-linked receptors.