What is space based and object-based attention?

What is space based and object-based attention?

Space-based attention is a process that allocates attention to a specific region, or location(s), in the visual field, whereas object-based attention directs attention to coherent forms or objects in visual space. In object-based attention, all parts of the attended object are thought to be processed concurrently.

What are the theories of attention in psychology?

The attention schema theory holds that subjective awareness is the brain’s simplified model of its own process of attention. But attention is domain general. The most commonly studied variety of attention is spatial attention, but much work has also been done on attention in other stimulus dimensions.

Where does evidence for object-based attention come from?

Evidence for object-based selection comes from a variety of different experimental studies (see Scholl, 2001; also Cave & Bichot, 1999, for reviews): “selective looking” (Neisser, 1967), divided attention to attributes from one or different objects (e.g. Duncan, 1984; see also Berhmann, Zemel, & Mozer, 1998), multiple …

Is attention object-based or location based?

Over the last two decades, however, growing evidence has shown that attention operates not only in a location-based but also in an object-based manner: Attention can select grouped parts across different locations together (i.e., an object) and then highlight the processing of information belonging to the selected …

What is the selective attention theory?

Selective attention theories have suggested that individuals have a tendency to orient themselves toward, or process information from only one part of the environment with the exclusion of other parts. There is an abundant amount of evidence which supports that selective attention is governed by our arousal level.

What is attention based theory?

The attention-based view (ABV) of the firm (Ocasio, 1997; Ocasio and Joseph, 2005) has emerged as a core theoretical perspective in research on strategic organizations. The ABV develops three core principles that together theorize strategic behavior as an outcome of the focusing and channeling of attention.

What does the same object advantage suggest about attention?

Object-based attention was indicated by the same-object advantage: Reaction times (RTs) were shorter when the target appeared at the uncued end of the cued than when it appeared at the uncued rectangle, with an equal cue-to-target distance between the two.

What are the three theories of selective attention?

There are three models that are associated to selective attention. These are the models of attention by Broadbent, Treisman, and Deutsch and Deutsch. They are also referred to as bottleneck models of attention because they explain how we cannot attend to all sensory input at one time in the conscious level.

What is an example of selective attention in psychology?

A selective attention example is having a conversation with someone in a crowded, public space. One chooses to focus on what the friend is saying rather than every single noise present in the background. This ability is a phenomenon known as the cocktail party effect.

What is object-based attention in psychology?

Object-based attention refers to the visual processes that select a segregated shape from among several segregated shapes. As we noted above, object segregation and object-based attention likely are interrelated—before a shape can be selected, the features of the shape first must be segregated from features of other shapes to some extent.

What is the visual perception theory of attention?

The first theory posits that visually perceived objects affect the distribution of conscious and unconscious attention. Therefore, consciously attending to one aspect of an object automatically facilitates the processing of other aspects of the same object (including those currently task-irrelevant), whether in terms of accuracy or response times.

Which part of the brain is responsible for object-based attention?

In a recent study Baldauf and Desimone show that a region in frontal cortex, the inferior-frontal junction (IFJ), is involved in the top-down guidance of object-based attention by selectively synchronizing its neural activity with respective networks in IT cortex representing relevant object information.:1

When is object-based attention most efficient?

Further, object-based attention is more efficient when it is directed to a single object; that is, observers can select either the straight line or the squiggly line with relatively little effort.