What is meant by virial equation?
What is meant by virial equation?
An equation of state of gases that has additional terms beyond that for an ideal gas, which account for the interactions between the molecules.
What is virial equation thermodynamics?
The actual behavior is often described with the virial equation: PV = nRT[1 + B(n/V) + C(n/V)2 + …] , in which the temperature-dependent constants for each gas are known as the virial coefficients. The second virial coefficient, B , has units of molar volume (L/mole).
How do you derive the virial equation?
The virial equation can be derived from statistical mechanics through the expression of the partition function and is of theoretical interest. The coefficients can be related to intermolecular forces: B(T) accounts for two body interactions, and C(T) for three body interactions.
Who proposed virial equation?
Kamerlingh Onnes
Kamerlingh Onnes proposed the virial equation of state (a significant improvement over the one of van der Waals), extended the concept of corresponding states, performed brilliant work on the achievement of very low temperatures, studied the behaviour of materials at these low temperatures, and discovered the …
What is Z in virial equation of state?
The experimental data can be used to compute a quantity called the compressibility factor, Z, which is defined as the pressure–volume product for the real gas divided by the pressure–volume product for an ideal gas at the same temperature.
What is virial coefficient in chemistry?
Virial coefficients appear as coefficients in the virial expansion of the pressure of a many-particle system in powers of the density, providing systematic corrections to the ideal gas law. They are characteristic of the interaction potential between the particles and in general depend on the temperature.
What is third virial coefficient?
In this case, the third virial coefficient Cclass(T) is given by the sum of a term depending on the two-body potential U2(r), C 2 − body class ( T ) , and a term depending on the three-body potential, C 2 − body class ( T ) , given by. C class ( T ) = C 2 − body class ( T ) + C 3 − body class ( T ) , (6)
What is B and C in the virial equation?
B is the second virial coefficient, C is called the third virial coefficient, etc.
What is virial expansion explain the term compressibility factor?
It was first proposed by Kamerlingh Onnes. The compressibility factor is a dimensionless quantity, indicating how much a real fluid deviates from an ideal gas. A is the first virial coefficient, which has a constant value of 1. It makes the statement that at low density, all fluids behave like ideal gases.
What is the second virial coefficient?
The second virial coefficient describes the contribution of the pair-wise potential to the pressure of the gas. The third virial coefficient depends on interactions between three molecules, and so on and so forth.
What is virial equation in physical chemistry?
The virial Equation of state is a model that attempts to describe the properties of a real gas. If it were a perfect model, the virial Equation would give results identical to those of the perfect gas law as the pressure of a gas sample approached zero.