What is pleiotropy with an example?
What is pleiotropy with an example?
In genetics, Pleiotropy is defined as the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. Pleiotropy is derived from a Greek word meaning more ways. A simple example of a Pleiotropy is phenylketonuria is a disease. It is a genetic disorder caused by the low metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body cells.
What definition describes pleiotropy?
4 Pleiotropy Pleiotropy means that a single gene affects two or more characters. In the context of life history evolution, pleiotropy means that a single gene affects the fitness of the organism at two or more ages. It is convenient to categorize the combinations of age-specific pleiotropic effects as shown in Table 1.
Is height An example of pleiotropy?
In pleiotropy, one gene controls the expression of several phenotypic traits. Phenotypes are traits that are physically expressed such as color, body shape, and height.
Is blood type an example of pleiotropy?
Blood type is an example of multiple alleles and codominance.
How do you know if you have pleiotropy?
If the objective is to identify genetic pleiotropic effects on multiple traits, the conventional approach is to perform an association test between a genetic variant and each trait individually and then look for consensus about whether the genetic variant is significantly associated with more than one trait.
What is pleiotropy Slideshare?
Pleiotropy is the effect of a single gene on more than one trait or characteristic. The term pleiotropy is derived from the Greek words pleio, which means many, and tropic, which means affecting.
Is albinism an example of pleiotropy?
Pleiotropy is exhibited by all types of albinism; single gene mutations have effects on different organ systems. The most obvious systems involved are the integument and the eyes, but the nervous, haematological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems may occasionally be affected.
How does pleiotropy occur?
Pleiotropy occurs when a single mutation or gene/allele affects more than one phenotypic characteristic. In weedy rice, seed dormancy and red pericarp color result from a pleiotropic gene (Gu et al., 2011).
Why is pleiotropy so common?
We have known for decades that pleiotropy is widespread because in plant and animal breeding, and in laboratory selection experiments, when selection is applied to one trait, the mean of other traits also changes from generation to generation.
What is pleiotropy PPT?
Pleiotropy describes the genetic effect of a single gene on multiple phenotypic traits. Pleiotropy occurs when a gene product interacts with multiple other proteins or catalyzes multiple reactions Pleiotropy 37/31/2020.
Why is sickle cell anemia an example of pleiotropy?
Sickle cell anemia occurs when the HBB gene mutation causes both beta-globin subunits of hemoglobin to change into hemoglobin S (HbS). Sickle cell anemia is a pleiotropic disease because the expression of a single mutated HBB gene produces numerous consequences throughout the body.
Who discovered pleiotropy?
geneticist Ludwig Plate
Pleiotropy is defined as the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more distinct phenotypic traits. The term was formally introduced into the literature by the German geneticist Ludwig Plate in 1910, 100 years ago.